Merpati gunakan sel besi di hati untuk navigasi

Sebuah studi baru menunjukkan bahwa merpati pos mengandalkan sel kekebalan yang kaya zat besi di hati mereka untuk mendeteksi medan magnet Bumi. Penemuan ini menawarkan penjelasan baru mengenai bagaimana burung bernavigasi dalam jarak jauh, terutama saat cuaca buruk.

Para peneliti di lembaga-lembaga termasuk University of Bonn dan Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior menemukan bahwa makrofag di dalam hati mengakumulasi zat besi dan menunjukkan sifat magnetik yang kuat. Sel-sel ini terletak di dekat serabut saraf, yang menunjukkan adanya jalur bagi sinyal magnetik untuk mencapai otak.

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Scientific illustration showing intestinal tuft cells signaling the brain via acetylcholine, serotonin, and the vagus nerve to suppress appetite during parasitic infections.
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Intestinal cells signal brain to curb hunger during parasitic infections

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A team led by David Julius, the 2021 Nobel Prize winner in Medicine, has described the molecular mechanism by which intestinal tuft cells signal the brain to suppress appetite during parasitic infections. Published today in Nature, the study identifies communication via acetylcholine and serotonin that activates the vagus nerve. The finding could aid treatments for conditions like irritable bowel syndrome.

Researchers at UCLA have identified senescent immune cells, dubbed 'zombie' cells, that accumulate in aging livers and contribute to fatty liver disease. By eliminating these cells in mice, the team reversed liver damage and reduced body weight, even on an unhealthy diet. The findings, published in Nature Aging, suggest similar mechanisms may drive human liver conditions.

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Cancer cells that reduce MHC class I—a common way to evade CD8+ “killer” T cells—may become more vulnerable to destruction by CD4+ “helper” T cells through ferroptosis, according to research led by Baylor College of Medicine and collaborators at the University of Michigan and published in Nature Immunology.

Researchers at Harvard Medical School have uncovered a hidden map of smell receptors in mice noses, revealing neat stripes instead of random distribution. This structure aligns with brain mapping, challenging prior assumptions about olfaction. The findings, published April 28 in Cell, could aid treatments for smell loss.

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Researchers at Dongguk University in Seoul have developed a magnetically controlled switch for turning on genes inside cells, as detailed in a recent Cell paper. The technique uses a specific electromagnetic signal to activate genes in mice and human cells. Critics, however, question the plausibility of the results and point to potential flaws in the study.

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