After Anne Hidalgo's terms, Paris's debt surges

At the end of Anne Hidalgo's two terms as outgoing mayor of Paris, the city's debt will reach a record 9.7 billion euros by the end of 2026, up 133% from 2014. This rise fuels electoral debates, with the opposition decrying poor management while the municipality highlights a sustained investment policy.

Paris's debt has seen a dramatic rise during Anne Hidalgo's two terms, from 4.18 billion euros on December 31, 2014, to a projected 9.7 billion by December 31, 2026, according to city figures. This marks a 133% increase over twelve years.

Though this issue stirs electoral debates more than it concerns everyday Parisians, it lies at the heart of public policies: finances, particularly borrowing. The opposition, led by Rachida Dati, the Republicans' candidate in the municipal elections, accuses the outgoing mayor of flawed financial management, even suggesting the city is on the brink of bankruptcy. She cites a July 2025 report from the Île-de-France regional audit chamber (CRC) to claim 12 billion euros, including a 'hidden debt' from 'capitalized rents'.

The municipality, however, advocates a bold approach: despite economic crises and the state's growing withdrawal from local finances, it has sustained major investments without slowdowns. For the end of 2025, the city forecasts 9.3 billion euros. This debate over numbers and interpretations highlights political divides ahead of the elections.

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Realistic illustration of France's National Assembly with a symbolic negative credit rating arrow, highlighting Moody's outlook downgrade amid political instability.
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Moody's maintains France's rating but lowers outlook to negative

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On October 24, 2025, Moody's announced it was keeping France's sovereign rating at Aa3 but downgrading the outlook from stable to negative, citing heightened risks from political instability. This contrasts with recent downgrades by Fitch and S&P to A+. The move comes as the National Assembly reviews the 2026 budget and extends the contribution on high incomes.

Anne Hidalgo, Paris mayor since 2014, will leave office in March after two terms. She entered politics in 2001 as first deputy to Bertrand Delanoë and has shown tenacity amid oppositions. Her record, intertwined with her predecessor's, splits opinions between praise for environmental commitment and criticism of her approaches.

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On Friday, December 19, the Insee announced that France's public debt now stands at 3,482 billion euros, or 117.4% of GDP, a record level outside times of war or pandemic. This increase of 65.9 billion euros over three months highlights a worrying trajectory, with analysts warning of a potential market crisis if no correction occurs.

On October 14, 2025, Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu presented the 2026 finance bill, aiming to cut the public deficit to 4.7% of GDP through €14 billion in extra tax revenues and €17 billion in spending savings. The budget targets high earners, businesses, and social expenditures, while drawing criticism over its feasibility.

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Following Parliament's unanimous adoption of a special finance law on December 23, 2025, to bridge funding amid failed 2026 budget talks, Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu insists a compromise remains possible in January. Yet, the measure—echoing last year's—prolongs uncertainty rooted in the June 2024 National Assembly dissolution, with significant fiscal and political costs.

The French government, facing a parliamentary deadlock on the 2026 budget, must decide on Monday between article 49.3 and an unprecedented budgetary ordinance. It is renewing the surtax on large companies' profits at 8 billion euros, while renouncing a cut to the CVAE. This aims to secure an agreement with socialists to avoid censure.

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Debates on the 2026 budget in the French National Assembly are bogging down, with unusual alliances between RN, PS, and MoDem leading to the adoption of tax increases totaling 34 billion euros in 24 hours. Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu describes the situation as a 'very uncertain endurance race', while general rapporteur Philippe Juvin deems it highly likely that the text will not be examined on time. Industrialists denounce overtaxation threatening reindustrialization.

 

 

 

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