The International Criminal Court has begun its confirmation of charges hearing against former President Rodrigo Duterte in The Hague, without the accused's personal presence. Over 500 drug war victims are participating through their legal representatives, while the Philippine National Police prepares for possible protests in the Philippines. This hearing will assess if there is sufficient evidence to proceed to a full trial.
The confirmation of charges hearing against Rodrigo Duterte at the International Criminal Court (ICC) began on February 23, 2026, in The Hague, Netherlands. This is not yet a full trial but a pre-trial proceeding where judges will determine if there are 'substantial grounds' to believe Duterte committed crimes against humanity, based on the arrest warrant issued last year.
Duterte, aged 80, was arrested in Manila in March 2025 and transferred to the ICC Detention Center in Scheveningen. Although a panel of medical experts deemed him fit to participate, the Pre-Trial Chamber approved his request to waive appearance, either in person or via video. His defense team, led by Nicholas Kaufman along with Filipino lawyers such as Salvador Medialdea, Martin Delgra III, and others, will represent him.
The charges include three counts of murder and attempted murder, covering 49 incidents and 78 named victims from his time as Davao City mayor to his presidency. Prosecutors allege Duterte was an indirect co-perpetrator in a 'common plan' to kill those targeted in the drug trade. Deputy Prosecutor Mame Mandiaye Niang will open the prosecution's case.
For the first time in ICC history, over 500 victims have been granted participation rights at the pre-trial stage, represented by lawyers Joel Butuyan and Gilbert Andres from the Center for International Law, and the ICC's Office of Public Counsel for Victims. They will deliver an opening statement, address the merits, and provide a closing to present the victims' views and concerns.
"We never wished for this kind of life," said Sheera Escudero, who lost her brother in the drug war in 2017. "We just want a peaceful life with a complete family." Kristina Conti, a lawyer with Rise Up for Life and for Rights, stated that the truth about why killings intensified under Duterte must be laid out.
In the Philippines, the Philippine National Police is preparing for possible rallies by supporters and critics. "Our security measures are in place to ensure the peaceful conduct of any activity," said PNP Chief Jose Melencio Nartatez Jr. Expected are motorcades and Justice Watch gatherings. The hearing continues until February 27, with a decision due within 60 days afterward.
