在日本全国范围内司机短缺的情况下，丰田和NTT Docomo等主要公司正加快在当地公共巴士路线上引入自动驾驶。该技术也被用于开发赛事和休闲设施的班车服务。实现4级自动驾驶——在特定条件下完全无人驾驶——取决于可靠的安全措施和成本降低。
日本因老龄化人口面临严重的全国司机短缺。为此，丰田等汽车制造商、NTT Docomo等电信巨头以及初创企业正加强在当地公共巴士路线上部署自动驾驶的努力。
日本企业利用自动驾驶技术缓解司机短缺
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Tesla has received approval from the Arizona Department of Transportation to operate a paid ride-hailing service in the state, expanding its supervised robotaxi program from Texas and California. The permit requires human safety drivers in all vehicles, marking a step toward broader deployment but not yet full autonomy. This development allows testing in metro Phoenix while competitors like Waymo operate more advanced driverless services.
联合国计划为4级自动驾驶制定安全法规标准，在该级别下系统在特定条件下处理所有车辆操作。这些标准要求自动驾驶系统的安全性至少相当于高技能司机的水平，并强制要求安装记录运行状况的设备。联合国旨在2026年6月前敲定这些法规。
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Waymo 支持的无人驾驶出租车正在东京街头悄然运行，测试持续进行。由日本出租车公司日本交通与总部位于加利福尼亚的 Waymo 合作开展的试验，可能于 2026 年在日本推出服务，尽管尚未确定确切日期。
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Tesla has secured a Transportation Network Company permit from Arizona regulators, allowing the company to launch a paid autonomous ride-hailing service in the state. The approval, granted on November 17, 2025, follows an application submitted on November 13 and marks the final regulatory step for commercial operations. Arizona's supportive environment for autonomous vehicles positions it as a key expansion area for Tesla.
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Tesla began unsupervised robotaxi testing in Austin, Texas, on December 14, 2025, with empty Model Y vehicles navigating public roads, as confirmed by CEO Elon Musk. This milestone follows supervised trials since June and aims to challenge Waymo, despite recent crashes and regulatory hurdles.
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