Aging oil tankers transferring crude at sea off Malaysia amid sanctions.
Aging oil tankers transferring crude at sea off Malaysia amid sanctions.
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Shadow fleet sustains Iranian oil exports to China

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A network of aging tankers continues to move Iranian crude to China despite U.S. sanctions and a naval blockade. The transfers occur in international waters off Malaysia. Negotiators have reached a tentative 60-day ceasefire framework that could ease the blockade.

The Wall Street Journal observed ship-to-ship transfers in early May near the Eastern Outer Port Limits, roughly 45 miles off Malaysia’s coast. Sanctioned tankers offload cargo to anonymized vessels that then head to Chinese refineries. Iran earned about $31 billion from oil sales to China over the past year, covering nearly 45 percent of its government budget.

What people are saying

X users discuss Iran's shadow fleet continuing to export oil to China via ship-to-ship transfers off Malaysia despite U.S. sanctions and a new 60-day ceasefire, noting the fleet's role in sustaining flows and expressing skepticism about enforcement or U.S. strategy.

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