Residents of Ikolomani in Kakamega County remain resolute in pursuing small-scale gold mining despite clashes that killed three people during protests against a company's takeover plans. The violence erupted on December 4 when locals blocked officials from holding a public participation forum. Miners emphasize that the activity is their primary livelihood and demand guarantees before any changes.
On Thursday, December 4, 2025, tensions boiled over in Isulu, Ikolomani constituency, Kakamega County, when residents protested against Shanta Gold Company's bid to secure mining rights on land rich in gold deposits. Villagers blocked roads with rocks and lit bonfires to prevent National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) officials and company representatives from accessing Emusali Primary School for a planned public participation forum on relocation. The confrontation turned deadly, with three people shot dead and several others, including police officers and journalists, injured. Police reported that the fatalities were suspected hired goons who attacked a team of journalists covering the unrest.
Ikolomani locals, who have engaged in artisanal gold mining for generations using rudimentary tools, extract only a few grams at a time but view it as essential for survival. One miner said, “This is our job. We wake up in the morning to do this work. Without it we cannot eat.” Another resident added, “In one day, we can make between Sh1,000 and Sh5,000. If we move out, where will we get an income?” They describe the gold beneath their homes as a 'natural savings account' passed down through families.
The deposits in Isulu and nearby Bushiangala are estimated at Ksh 680-683 billion. The government has approved operations in these zones, with Shanta Gold planning to invest Ksh 22-27 billion in an underground mine and processing plant, expected to operate for at least eight years. This follows a November meeting between Mining Principal Secretary Harry Kimtai and the company to discuss projects in Western Kenya, including Kakamega, Siaya, and Vihiga.
Days after the violence, residents vowed to persist with mining, open to future arrangements only if their livelihoods are protected. They propose relocating over 800 households but fear displacement without alternatives. The company had sought to discuss these plans, but locals' firm stance highlights the conflict between artisanal practices and commercial interests.