A mega police operation in Rio de Janeiro's Penha and Alemão complexes resulted in 121 deaths, including four police officers, on October 29, 2025. Despite the high number of victims, polls show majority support for the action, with 58% of Rio residents viewing it as a success, though there are gender and ideological divides. Governor Cláudio Castro defended the operation to the STF, while criticisms highlight excesses and political opportunism.
The operation, carried out by 2,500 agents from the Civil and Military Police, targeted the Comando Vermelho and resulted in the neutralization of 117 opponents, seizure of 122 weapons, 22 kg of cocaine, and one ton of marijuana. Cláudio Castro (PL) sent a document to the STF on November 3, arguing the action followed principles of legality, necessity, and proportionality, with bodycams used and ambulances available. All fatal targets belonged to the 'narcoterrorist' organization, according to the governor, who denied breaching the ADPF das Favelas.
A Quaest poll, released on November 3, showed 58% of Rio residents view the operation as a success versus 32% as a failure, reflecting desperation over crime. There was a gender divide: 73% of men approved, against 43% of women. Ideologically, 86% of the right supported it, 60% of the left disapproved, but 52% of the center saw success. Castro's security approval rose from 22% to 39%.
Criticism came from Guilherme Boulos (PSOL), who called the action 'demagogy with people's lives', despite public support. A Folha opinion highlighted 20 dead without criminal records, questioning executions. Experts debate 'narcoterrorism': governors like Ronaldo Caiado advocate classifying as terrorists to toughen penalties, but analysts like Rafael Alcadipani argue lack of political motive, recommending coordination over labels. The operation strengthens security as an electoral axis, pressuring the Lula government, with 60% negative evaluation on the issue.