मुद्रास्फीति

The South African Reserve Bank kept its repo rate unchanged at 6.75% on Thursday, citing the ongoing Iran war and rising oil prices. Governor Lesetja Kganyago said inflation remains on target but could accelerate if the conflict persists. The bank warned of potential rate hikes later this year.

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Argentina's Central Bank (BCRA) decided to cut bank reserve requirements by five percentage points starting in April, freeing up liquidity for banks to issue more loans amid recession. Led by Santiago Bausili, the move aims to revive economic activity without derailing inflation control. Analysts note the shift to a more expansionary policy after months of monetary contraction.

The Iran war has completed 21 days, severely affecting India's economy, fuel prices, and supplies. Crude oil prices have risen from $70-73 to $108-110 per barrel, with the rupee hitting 93.70 against the dollar. Six Indians have been killed in West Asia amid the conflict.

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The Bank of Japan maintained its policy rate at 0.75% on March 19 amid growing Middle East uncertainty. The decision was widely expected by markets and central bank watchers.

Inflation expectations are increasing in US breakeven rates and eurozone swap rates, influenced by recent statements from President Trump. Oil prices have stabilized alongside reduced anxiety in risk assets, yet concerns persist over widening spreads. Analysts highlight these trends as problematic amid ongoing economic conflicts.

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The attack on Iran has driven up electricity and gasoline prices, risking new inflation and a weaker business cycle in Sweden. Lars Calmfors warns that politicians may be tempted by populist measures. The war resembles the 1970s oil shocks but with modern differences.