global warming
Building on recent studies like Stefan Rahmstorf et al.'s analysis showing a doubling of Earth's warming rate to ~0.36°C per decade since 2014, scientists disagree on whether reductions in aerosol pollution or natural fluctuations are driving the speedup. Nearly all agree warming has accelerated, but views differ on causes, rate, and future trajectory—with implications for climate sensitivity and adaptation.
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Climate models predict that the rate of glacier loss will accelerate to 3000 per year by 2040, even if nations achieve their emission reduction targets. This could result in 79 percent of the world's glaciers vanishing by 2100 under current policies, threatening water supplies for billions and contributing to sea-level rise. Researchers emphasize the potential to save many glaciers by limiting warming to 2 degrees Celsius.