Linux 6.19-rc1 deep dive: PCIe encryption, file system upgrades, and expanded hardware support

Building on Linus Torvalds' announcement of Linux kernel 6.19-rc1, this release candidate introduces advanced security features like PCIe link encryption, file system enhancements for EXT4 and XFS, and drivers for new hardware including Tenstorrent SoCs and Intel Xe3P graphics.

Following the initial Linux 6.19-rc1 release announced by Linus Torvalds on December 14, 2025, detailed changelogs highlight significant advancements. The merge window has closed, with weekly candidates leading to a stable release in early February 2026.

Security sees major boosts: PCIe link encryption and device authentication protect data transmission in data centers, while AMD SEV-TIO enables trusted I/O. The obsolete 'genocide' function has been renamed for inclusivity.

File systems advance with EXT4's improved online defragmentation and larger block support for better performance, XFS online checks/repairs for minimal downtime, and default Per-CPU BIO caching yielding ~2% gains on multi-core systems.

Hardware compatibility grows via ASUS Armoury Crate drivers for gaming peripherals, AMDGPU as default for GCN 1.0/1.1 GPUs with Vulkan improvements, initial Tenstorrent Blackhole SoC and Black Sesame C1200 support, Intel Xe3P for Nova Lake and AI cards, plus prep for AMD Zen 6.

Graphics include the new DRM Color Pipeline API (AMDGPU, Intel, VKMS) for HDR and color accuracy, MSM DRM for Snapdragon X2 Elite. Fixes resolve scheduler regressions on NUMA systems.

Complements earlier coverage of Rust drivers, Intel audio, and Steam Deck hwmon, with ongoing Rust, Apple Silicon, and bcachefs externalization efforts. Community buzz underscores its value for servers, desktops, and new devices.

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Linus Torvalds announcing the Linux 6.18-rc1 kernel release in his office, symbolizing a smooth development milestone.
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Linux 6.18-rc1 released after smooth merge window

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Linus Torvalds has announced the release of Linux 6.18-rc1, marking the start of the release candidate phase for the upcoming kernel version. He described the preceding two-week merge window as 'one of the good merge windows,' noting its average size and lack of serious issues during testing. The kernel includes extensive driver updates and enhancements across various subsystems.

Linus Torvalds has released the first release candidate of the Linux 6.19 kernel series for public testing. This milestone follows two weeks after the Linux 6.18 long-term support release. The update introduces several new features and hardware support enhancements.

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The Linux 6.19 kernel development continues with the release of 6.19-rc4, following a quiet holiday period since earlier release candidates like rc1 in December 2025. The team is already planning for 6.19-rc8.

The Linux 6.19 kernel has addressed a significant scheduler performance regression, restoring efficiency after early testing revealed issues. Developers identified and patched a flaw that caused a 52.4% drop in benchmarks, ensuring smoother task management across CPU cores. This fix highlights the kernel's robust development process amid broader optimizations.

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The Linux kernel 6.19 introduces the X86_NATIVE_CPU feature, allowing native optimizations that can boost performance by 5-15% on Intel and AMD processors. This Kconfig option simplifies building kernels tailored to specific hardware using the -march=native compiler flag. Benchmarks indicate gains in tasks like encryption and scientific simulations, potentially benefiting data centers and high-performance computing.

The Linux 6.18 kernel, released as the 2025 long-term support version, provides significant performance improvements over Linux 6.12 LTS for fifth-generation AMD EPYC processors. Benchmarks on an AMD EPYC 9755 dual-processor server demonstrate advantages from AMD-specific optimizations and general kernel enhancements. This upgrade is expected to drive adoption in enterprise and hyperscaler environments.

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AMD has prepared significant enhancements to its AMDGPU and AMDKFD drivers for upcoming Linux kernel versions. These updates aim to improve performance and functionality in open-source graphics and compute support. The changes are targeted for integration into Linux 6.20 through 7.0.

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