达沃斯经济论坛开幕,美欧贸易紧张加剧

瑞士达沃斯世界经济论坛将于周一开幕,五天会议将吸引政府、企业和学术领袖讨论全球问题。在此背景下,美国威胁对八个欧洲国家征收关税,以回应其反对美国吞并格陵兰的立场,中国则将借机推广多边主义。

世界经济论坛将于1月20日在瑞士达沃斯拉开帷幕,为期五天,主题为“对话精神”,旨在强调合作以应对全球碎片化加剧。会议吸引约65位国家元首和政府首脑以及850位顶级企业高管参与。

地缘政治不确定性笼罩会议,美国总统唐纳德·特朗普威胁对丹麦、芬兰、法国、德国、荷兰、挪威、瑞典和英国等八个欧洲盟国征收额外10%关税,这些国家反对美国吞并格陵兰——丹麦的自治领土。特朗普表示,若无关于“完全和彻底购买”格陵兰的协议,该关税将于2月1日生效,并于6月1日升至25%。专家警告,此举将对欧洲国家施加巨大压力,阻碍全球经济复苏,并助长保护主义。

欧洲领导人强烈反对。英国首相基尔·斯塔默称此举“完全错误”,法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙称其“不可接受”。欧盟周日召开紧急会议协调应对。

特朗普将于周三在论坛发表讲话。中国副总理何立峰会于周二发表特别讲话,强调中国践行真正多边主义、共建开放世界经济,并注入全球经济稳定与积极能量。中国角色备受关注。《卫报》编辑希瑟·斯图尔特和丹·萨巴格写道:“尽管美国影响力巨大,但中国和其他发展中国家在全球经济中的份额持续增长,长远平衡正慢慢偏离美国。”世界经济论坛活动编辑团队负责人谢赫·坦杰布·伊斯兰表示,中国经济表现、创新生态和结构转型吸引参与者日益关注。

法国智库雅克·德洛尔研究所研究员萨查·库尔蒂亚尔指出:“中国可扮演国际法‘好学生’角色,支持多边主义。”论坛周三发布的报告显示,50%的受访者认为未来两年世界将“动荡或风暴”,较2025年上升14个百分点;另40%预计至少“不安定”。香港也将派团出席,包括香港交易所主席唐家成和首席执行官陈碧妮等。

美欧共享最大双边贸易关系,占全球货物和服务贸易近30%、全球GDP逾40%。

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