Consciousness
MIT paper lays out how focused ultrasound could test theories of consciousness
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Researchers affiliated with MIT argue that transcranial focused ultrasound—a noninvasive technique that can modulate activity in deep brain regions—could enable more direct, cause-and-effect tests of how conscious experiences arise. In a “roadmap” review in *Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews*, they describe experimental approaches aimed at distinguishing between competing accounts of where and how awareness is generated in the brain.
Recent research suggests that consciousness in animals and machines should be assessed by internal mechanisms rather than behavior alone. Two new papers explore this for insects and Artificial Intelligence. They conclude current AI lacks consciousness but leave room for future systems and some invertebrates.
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Researchers behind a new review in Frontiers in Science argue that rapid progress in artificial intelligence and brain technologies is outpacing scientific understanding of consciousness, raising the risk of ethical and legal mistakes. They say developing evidence-based tests for detecting awareness—whether in patients, animals or emerging artificial and lab-grown systems—could reshape medicine, welfare debates and technology governance.