Geothermal
The United Kingdom has begun generating electricity from its first geothermal power plant in Cornwall, marking a resurgence in the technology worldwide. The United Downs facility produces 3 megawatts while extracting lithium for batteries. This development is driven by advances in drilling and rising demand for reliable renewable energy.
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A report from energy think tank Ember suggests that geothermal energy could theoretically replace 42 percent of the European Union's electricity generation from coal and natural gas, at comparable costs. Advances in drilling and subsurface engineering are expanding access to this constant, carbon-free energy source beyond traditional hot spots. The findings highlight opportunities for Europe to leverage new technologies while addressing challenges like deeper drilling costs.