South Korean household loans fall for third straight month; mortgages rebound

South Korean bank household loans continued their decline for a third consecutive month in February, falling to 1,172.3 trillion won ($799.11 billion) amid ongoing government lending curbs, though mortgages edged up slightly due to moving demand ahead of the new school year.

Bank of Korea data released March 11 showed outstanding household loans from banks at 1,172.3 trillion won at end-February, down 300 billion won from January's 1,172.7 trillion won level. This extends the downtrend from December, reflecting tightened loan regulations to cool surging housing prices in Seoul and the greater metropolitan area. President Lee Jae Myung has emphasized stabilizing the real estate market, warning multiple homeowners.

Mortgage loans rose 400 billion won to 934.9 trillion won—the first monthly gain since November—rebounding from January's 600 billion-won drop, driven by home transactions and seasonal moving demand, per BOK's Park Min-cheol.

Unsecured and other household loans fell 700 billion won, extending January's 400 billion-won decline. Park noted modest drops amid holiday bonuses and rising stock investment demand.

Corporate loans grew 9.6 trillion won to 1,379.2 trillion won. From all financial institutions, household loans rose 2.9 trillion won (mortgages +4.2 trillion won), accelerating from January.

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Realistic illustration of bank lending rates falling overall (corporate loans down) versus rising mortgage rates amid property market cooling measures.
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Banks' lending rates fall in October despite mortgage uptick

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Banks' overall loan rates edged down in October amid the central bank's monetary easing, though mortgage rates climbed due to tighter lending regulations. Corporate loan rates fell for the fifth straight month, while household rates rose for the first time since December 2024. The changes reflect efforts to cool the overheated property market and curb household debt.

Household loans from South Korean banks fell for a second straight month in January amid tightened lending rules to stabilize the housing market. The outstanding balance stood at 1,172.7 trillion won at the end of January, down 1 trillion won from December. This decline reflects government responses to surging home prices in Seoul and the greater metropolitan area.

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South Korea's inflation-adjusted home prices fell 1.6 percent in the third quarter of 2025 from a year earlier, ranking 47th among 56 major economies. This marks the 13th consecutive quarter of on-year contraction. Data from the Bank of Korea and the Bank for International Settlements shows prices have been declining since the third quarter of 2022.

South Korea's current account surplus narrowed sharply in October due to fewer working days from the Chuseok holiday, central bank data showed. Exports fell amid the extended break, but the cumulative surplus for the first 10 months hit a record high.

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South Korea's major brokerage firms achieved record earnings in 2025, driven by a bull run in the local stock market. The combined net profit of 27 securities companies reached 10.23 trillion won ($7.03 billion), up sharply from 6.97 trillion won the previous year. This performance was boosted by increased trading activity from retail investors.

South Korea's Fair Trade Commission has imposed a combined fine of 272 billion won on four major banks—KB Kookmin, Shinhan, Woori, and Hana—for colluding on real estate loan-to-value (LTV) ratios. The banks exchanged information from March 2022 to March 2024 to avoid competition. This practice limited options for consumers and small businesses seeking mortgages.

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Following the December 15 warnings, South Korea's financial authorities on December 18 intensified monitoring of the volatile FX market and announced eased regulations for banks, as the won hit 1,479.80 per dollar—the lowest since April.

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