President Donald Trump signed two executive orders on June 22 directing federal agencies to accelerate development of advanced quantum computers while requiring migration to post-quantum cryptography by 2030 and 2031.
The orders establish the Quantum Computer for Application Development and Discovery Science effort, known as QC-ADDS, with the goal of delivering at least one such machine to a Department of Energy facility. One directive sets deadlines for civilian agencies to adopt post-quantum cryptography for key establishment by December 31, 2030, and for digital signatures by December 31, 2031.
The second order requires the Department of Energy to define technical specifications within 90 days and examine costs and timelines within 180 days. It also directs the secretaries of Commerce, Defense, and Energy, along with the NASA administrator, to develop plans for quantum-enabled sensors and networks over five years.
The moves have drawn attention to Bitcoin holdings, with reports indicating nearly 7 million BTC valued at about $449 billion sit in outputs with exposed public keys. Analysts noted that dormant coins from 2009 and address reuse practices heighten potential exposure if a powerful quantum computer emerges.
White House science advisor Michael Kratsios said the directives aim to build a domestic supply chain and quantum workforce. Officials framed the effort as part of broader technology policy following prior investments exceeding $2 billion in quantum companies.
