Biology
Cryo-EM images show how TRPM8 channel senses cold and menthol’s cooling effect
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Scientists have captured detailed structural images of TRPM8—often described as the body’s “cold sensor”—showing how the channel responds to cooling temperatures and to menthol, the compound behind mint’s chill. The work, presented at the 70th Biophysical Society Annual Meeting in San Francisco, helps explain the molecular basis of cool sensations and may aid drug development for conditions including dry eye and pain disorders.
Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley have found ethanol in the nectar of most plant species examined, meaning pollinators like bees and hummingbirds consume alcohol daily. An Anna's hummingbird drinks an amount equivalent to one human alcoholic beverage per day, yet shows no intoxication. The findings, published March 25 in Royal Society Open Science, suggest evolutionary tolerance to low-level ethanol.
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Honey bees perform their waggle dance more precisely when more hive mates watch, according to a new study. Researchers found that dancers adjust their movements to attract followers, sacrificing accuracy for engagement when audiences are small. The findings highlight the social dynamics of bee communication.
A new study has revealed over 200 metabolic enzymes attached directly to human DNA inside the cell nucleus, challenging traditional views of cellular processes. These enzymes form unique patterns in different tissues and cancers, described as a 'nuclear metabolic fingerprint.' The discovery suggests links between metabolism and gene regulation that may influence cancer development and treatment.
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Researchers have found that Borneo's fanged frogs, long considered a single species, actually comprise several distinct genetic groups. Genetic analysis suggests around six or seven species rather than the up to 18 previously proposed. This discovery highlights the challenges in defining species boundaries for conservation efforts.
A one-eyed creature that lived 600 million years ago is among humanity's oldest ancestors and gave rise to our modern eyes, according to a study from Lund University. Researchers analyzed light-sensitive cells in various animal groups to explain why vertebrate eyes differ from those of others. The study was published in the journal Current Biology.
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Researchers at Caltech have discovered how viruses infect bacteria by disabling a key protein called MurJ, essential for cell wall construction. This mechanism, revealed through high-resolution imaging, suggests a new approach to combating antibiotic-resistant superbugs. The findings highlight convergent evolution in unrelated viruses blocking MurJ similarly.
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