China's Tianwen-2 spacecraft nears asteroid after 400-day trip

China's Tianwen-2 spacecraft has closed in on asteroid 2016 HO3 after a 400-day journey and begun scientific exploration.

The Tianwen-2 spacecraft has reached a distance close enough to begin scientific exploration of the asteroid, the China National Space Administration said on its website.

Formally designated 2016 HO3, or asteroid 469219 Kamo‘oalewa, the target is an Apollo-type near-Earth asteroid. Earlier estimates placed its diameter at 40 to 100 metres, but images captured by Tianwen-2 suggest it is likely less than 40 metres across.

“Based on the image released so far, this asteroid appears to be somewhat smaller than previously predicted – it seems to be only about 20 to 30 metres across, whereas the earlier estimate from our paper was around 57 metres,” said Zhang Pengfei, a researcher from the Institute of Geochemistry at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

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An asteroid roughly the size of Chicago's Cloud Gate sculpture is set to fly past Earth on May 18. The object, known as 2026 JH2, will come four times closer to the planet than the moon. It measures about 20 meters across and can be viewed with telescopes or through a live broadcast.

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An asteroid designated 2026JH2 will fly past Earth at a distance of 90,917 kilometres on 18 May. The object measures between 16 and 36 metres across and carries enough mass to damage a city if it struck, though experts confirm no impact risk for at least a century.

NASA’s Lucy spacecraft has shown that asteroid Donaldjohanson is a bilobate, tumbling object formed 155 million years ago. The flyby also detected traces of ancient liquid water on its surface.

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China plans to add three modules to its Tiangong space station, doubling its size, as Nasa prepares to retire the International Space Station in early 2031. State broadcaster CCTV reports that Tiangong will first receive a fourth multifunctional module attached to the Tianhe core, forming a cross-shaped configuration. The expansion will create a six-module structure with a total mass of about 180 tonnes, though no timeline has been released.

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