Trump administration turns to new trade laws for tariffs

United States Trade Representative Jamieson Greer said the administration is pursuing new tariffs through ongoing investigations into unfair trading practices across more than 70 countries. The move follows Supreme Court and court rulings that blocked earlier broad tariff powers.

Greer told CNBC that findings from the investigations will be released in the coming weeks. Proposals could include tariffs to address issues such as structural excess capacity and forced labor. The administration is now relying on Sections 301 and 232 of trade law after losing access to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act and a temporary measure under Section 122. Section 301 investigations, which Greer oversees, examine unfair trade practices and can lead to tariffs or other restrictions. Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick can launch separate Section 232 probes focused on national security threats from imports. The department has already started multiple such actions since President Donald Trump returned to office. These processes typically take three to nine months and involve public input before any tariffs are proposed.

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U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer announcing results of Section 301 trade investigations.
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USTR Says Section 301 Trade Investigation Results Due in Coming Weeks

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U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer said Tuesday that results of Section 301 trade investigations into more than 70 countries, including South Korea, China and Japan, will be released over the next few weeks.

The United States has launched Section 301 investigations into alleged unfair trade practices by China and other economies, potentially allowing higher tariffs to be reimposed, but analysts describe it as a 'bluff' to gain leverage for President Trump's expected trip to China. Beijing, accustomed to such tactics, is unlikely to be fazed.

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The U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) is holding public hearings this week in Washington on its Section 301 investigations—launched in March into South Korea, China, Japan, the European Union and 13 others—over structural excess capacity in manufacturing. The hearings could lead to tariffs or other measures. A South Korean official presented Seoul's position on the opening day.

Following preparatory meetings in Washington, US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer visited Mexico to meet President Claudia Sheinbaum, Economy Secretary Marcelo Ebrard, and business leaders. They agreed to launch formal T-MEC review negotiations the week of May 25 in Mexico City, with Mexico pushing to eliminate tariffs on steel, aluminum, and automobiles ahead of the July 1 review.

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The Donald Trump administration announced on April 2 that it will impose 50 percent tariffs on imported steel, aluminum and copper based on the full value paid by U.S. customers. It also adjusted tariffs on derivative metal products and introduced a 100 percent duty on patented pharmaceuticals not made in the U.S. South Korea and others are exempt from the pharmaceutical tariff.

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