Planetary Habitability
Scientists have proposed a new model for two massive structures deep inside Earth, suggesting they formed from core material leaking into the mantle billions of years ago. This process may have influenced Earth's habitability by preventing strong chemical layering after its ancient magma ocean phase. The findings, published in Nature Geoscience, link these features to the planet's unique evolution compared to Venus and Mars.
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Researchers from Penn State and Columbia University have discovered that Earth's stable continents formed through extreme heat exceeding 900 degrees Celsius in the lower crust. This process involved radioactive elements migrating upward to cool and strengthen the landmasses. The findings also offer insights into mineral distribution and planetary habitability.