Indian Rupee Hits New Record Low Amid Energy Crisis and Capital Outflows

The Indian rupee sank to a fresh record low against the US dollar, fueled by soaring energy import costs during an ongoing energy crisis and accelerating capital outflows. This has intensified pressure on the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to potentially hike interest rates, ending a pause in monetary tightening.

Continuing its multi-month slide that saw record lows like 93.73 in March and breaches above 94 amid West Asian tensions, the rupee weakened further due to elevated energy import bills, as reported by The Economic Times. Indian stocks and the currency tumbled on Thursday, led by declines in metals and public sector banks, amid global uncertainty, surging oil prices, and rumors of potential military action against Iran. The RBI intervened to support the rupee, though specific details were not disclosed. Despite the pressures, Indian markets posted their best April performance in 28 months before closing on Friday for Maharashtra Day.

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Trading floor at Bombay Stock Exchange showing screens with Indian rupee's 9.9% FY26 decline, Asia's worst, amid oil surge and stock drops.
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Indian rupee ends FY26 as Asia's worst performer with 9.9% decline

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The Indian rupee depreciated by 9.88% against the US dollar in FY26, marking it as Asia's weakest currency amid record foreign investor outflows and surging oil prices. The Reserve Bank of India intervened to stabilize the currency, while domestic funds provided a record cushion against the exits. Equity indices like Nifty and Sensex recorded their worst fiscal performance since FY20.

Continuing its sharp FY26 depreciation—after breaching 94 in late March—the Indian rupee fell to a fresh record low of 95.28 against the US dollar on Tuesday, May 5. Oil prices exceeding $110 a barrel have intensified inflation and balance-of-payments worries, prompting Reserve Bank of India interventions amid curbs on foreign exchange positions.

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The Indian rupee plunged to a fresh all-time low of 93.73 against the US dollar, its sharpest single-day drop since late 2022. This extends the depreciation trend that saw it weaken to 92.42 earlier in the week amid surging oil prices from West Asian conflicts and foreign investor outflows.

Indian equity benchmarks Nifty 50 and Sensex crashed more than 3% on Thursday, their steepest single-day decline since June 2024, closing at 23,002.15 and 74,207.24 respectively. Escalating West Asia conflicts drove crude above $110 a barrel, stoking inflation fears, while HDFC Bank shares tumbled over 5% following chairman Atanu Chakraborty's resignation.

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The Philippine peso closed at P61.30 against the US dollar on Tuesday, April 28, marking a new record low amid global uncertainties from the Middle East conflict.

The Philippine peso closed at a record low of P60.10 against the US dollar on Thursday, March 19, amid surging global oil prices from the Middle East conflict. The weakening currency raises costs for imports, especially oil which the country heavily relies on.

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The Reserve Bank of India's Monetary Policy Committee decided to keep interest rates unchanged at 5.25% in its February meeting, citing improved growth prospects from the recent India-US trade deal. This pauses a series of rate cuts from 2025 amid benign inflation. The decision reflects optimism about GDP growth and external sector stability.

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