菲律宾数据中心需求上升引发的环境担忧

AI需求的上升正在推动全球数据中心增长,对电力和可持续性产生重大影响。在菲律宾,政府正在推动更多数据中心建设以实现数字化转型目标,但该国炎热的气候为冷却和能源使用带来了挑战。

数据中心,即存储、处理和传输数据的设施,由于AI预计将在未来几年进一步扩张。联合国6月报告指出,四大科技巨头——Amazon、Microsoft、Alphabet和Meta——的排放量从2020年至2023年因AI运营增长而上升150%,需要更多数据中心。

国际能源署2025年4月报告预测,到2030年全球数据中心的电力需求将翻一番以上,AI是主要驱动力。在美国,新数据中心已经扰乱供水并提高电费,引发200多个环保团体的抗议,并改革1969年《国家环境政策法》,以加快许可审批但牺牲彻底的环境审查。

在菲律宾,目前有35个数据中心,据datacentermap.com,信息和通信技术部部长Henry Aguda目标到2028年达到1.5吉瓦输出,从目前的200兆瓦上升。邻国新加坡拥有1.4吉瓦,面临类似气候挑战,可持续热带数据中心测试床的PS Lee指出:“在热学方面,新加坡对数据中心几乎是‘永久高峰夏季’……冷却在技术上更难且在结构上更耗能。”

菲律宾一些地区年平均气温超过27°C——超出最佳18-27°C范围——根据2025年11月Rest of World报告,是21个面临此问题的国家之一。为实现可持续性,像联合国指南和欧盟2024年《能源效率指令》(要求报告电力使用量)这样的政策至关重要。ESG合规设计和可再生能源整合是投资的关键,同时需监测社区对电力和水资源的影响。

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