Former BOJ official predicts multiple rate hikes by 2027

A former executive director of the Bank of Japan predicts up to four interest rate hikes by 2027. The central bank is widely expected to raise borrowing costs to 0.75% on December 19, its first move since January, with three more increases potentially following. Governor Kazuo Ueda will likely indicate that the cycle is not over even after this hike, according to Hideo Hayakawa.

Hideo Hayakawa, a former executive director of the Bank of Japan, discussed the central bank's policy trajectory in an interview on Wednesday, December 11. He indicated that Governor Kazuo Ueda's path may involve as many as four rate increases by 2027, including three more after the anticipated hike next week.

"They are probably thinking they have completely fallen behind the curve," Hayakawa said. "Ueda will probably indicate that it’s not the end of the cycle even after raising the rate this time."

The Bank of Japan is broadly expected to raise borrowing costs to 0.75% on December 19, marking its first adjustment since January. A key focus for markets will be how the bank describes its future policy outlook.

Hayakawa suggested the terminal rate is likely around 1.5%. His comments reflect expectations that the central bank is accelerating efforts to meet its inflation targets.

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South Korea's Bank of Korea unanimously kept its benchmark interest rate unchanged at 2.5 percent on April 10, marking the seventh consecutive hold since July 2025 amid high uncertainty from the Middle East war, which has fueled inflation risks, growth slowdowns, and won weakness. Governor Rhee Chang-yong noted the won could strengthen quickly if tensions ease. The next policy meeting is May 28.

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The Japanese government expects its interest payments on outstanding debt to roughly double over the next four years due to the Bank of Japan's gradual rate hikes. Payments are projected at ¥21.6 trillion ($139 billion) in the year starting April 2029, up from the current year's budgeted ¥10.5 trillion.

Japan's headline consumer price index rose 1.5% year-on-year in March, up from 1.3% in February and above the 1.4% market consensus. Core inflation, excluding fresh food, climbed to 1.8%, marking the first acceleration in five months. The data persists despite government subsidies aimed at curbing prices.

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On May 1, 2026, Japan's yen surged after the government confirmed intervention in foreign exchange markets, following a 'final' warning from authorities amid the currency's slide to near four-decade lows against the dollar. The move reversed months of weakness, building on earlier speculation in January.

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