In a recent Le Monde article, sociologist François Dubet argues that contempt from elites toward the people is the emotional fuel of populist movements. He calls for recognition of feelings of humiliation to counter this dynamic. This analysis fits into the context of social tensions in France and Europe.
François Dubet, a renowned French sociologist known for his work on inequality and education, publishes an op-ed in Le Monde on September 30, 2025, titled 'Contempt is the emotional fuel of populisms.' In this essay, he delves into the affective roots of populism, beyond ideological or economic factors.
Dubet explains that populisms thrive when working classes feel despised by intellectual and political elites. 'Contempt is the emotional fuel of populisms,' he writes, highlighting how this sense of humiliation fuels anger and rejection of institutions. He cites contemporary examples in France, where populist discourses exploit resentment toward globalization seen as exclusionary.
In the background, Dubet recalls his academic career: emeritus professor at the University of Bordeaux, he has authored books like 'Les places du social' and analyzed social fractures since the 1980s. He argues that public policies, by ignoring these emotions, worsen divisions. To address this, he advocates a 'politics of recognition,' where leaders show empathy rather than disdain.
This balanced perspective illuminates risks to democracy: without addressing these affects, populisms could intensify. Dubet does not pit elites against the people systematically but invites nuanced reflection on current social dynamics.