Volcanoes
A massive body of magma surged upward beneath São Jorge Island in Portugal's Azores archipelago in March 2022, triggering thousands of earthquakes before stalling underground. The event, detailed in a new study, represented a failed eruption that raised but ultimately eased fears of volcanic activity.
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Scientists have found that the 2022 eruption of an underwater volcano in the South Pacific triggered a chemical process that removed significant amounts of methane from the atmosphere. The discovery, detailed in a new study, shows how volcanic ash and seawater combined to break down the potent greenhouse gas.
A study links a volcanic eruption around 1345 to climate disruptions that prompted Italy to import plague-carrying grain from the Black Sea region in 1347. This emergency measure, aimed at averting famine, likely introduced the bacterium Yersinia pestis to Europe, fueling the Black Death pandemic. Researchers analyzed tree rings, ice cores, and historical records to support this connection.
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Researchers have discovered that shear forces within volcanic conduits can trigger gas bubble formation in magma, independent of pressure drops. This mechanism helps explain why some gas-rich volcanoes produce gentle lava flows instead of violent eruptions. The findings, published in Science, could improve eruption forecasting models.