Nigerian Professor Kayode Fayemi addressed the Thabo Mbeki Annual Lecture in Cape Town on Saturday, arguing that African sovereignty should be redefined around state capacity rather than mere political independence.
Fayemi stressed that true sovereignty involves the ability of nations to make independent developmental and governance choices without external coercion.
He outlined key elements including the capacity to feed populations, secure borders, manage natural resources responsibly, educate citizens, industrialize strategically and negotiate internationally.
The professor warned that without strong institutions, solidarity and leadership, Africa risks increased dependency and diminished global influence.
“In the 21st century, sovereignty is measured not merely by political symbols but by state capacity,” Fayemi said during the lecture.