Brazil records 2,800 rare earth mining requests

A survey reveals 2,864 active processes at the National Mining Agency, with the highest concentration in Bahia.

Lawyer Luiz Ugeda conducted a study that identified 2,864 active rare earth mining processes at the National Mining Agency. The requests remain concentrated in initial research stages.

Interest in the sector grew significantly from 2022 and peaked in 2024. The following year saw a decline, driven by the exhaustion of the most promising areas.

Bahia concentrates about 1,100 processes, followed by Minas Gerais with up to 650 and Goiás with up to 350. Goiás hosts the country’s only operating mine, in Minaçu, and is the target of a Cade investigation into the sale to the US company USA Rare Earth for US$ 2.8 billion.

The National Congress is discussing a bill to create a strategic policy that encourages local beneficiation of these minerals and prevents the export of raw ore only.

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Foreign investors Florentino Pérez and Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada at a German raw materials mine, with economists calling for EU export controls.
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Prominent investors target German raw materials

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Foreign investors like Real Madrid president Florentino Pérez and former Bolivian president Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada are involved in extracting critical raw materials in Germany. Despite the boom, there are no rules ensuring the resources benefit the EU economy. Economists call for greater state control over exports.

Brazil's Chamber of Deputies approved a bill on Wednesday that sets rules for the exploration of critical minerals and rare earths. The text includes R$ 5 billion in incentives and a council with veto power over foreign partnerships. The vote came on the eve of a meeting between Presidents Lula and Donald Trump.

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Deputy Arnaldo Jardim (Cidadania-SP) presented the report for the new Critical Minerals Framework, proposing a public fund of up to R$ 5 billion to finance mineral projects. The text creates a council to oversee exports and international agreements. Voting is scheduled for Tuesday or Wednesday.

A Japanese research vessel returned to a port in central Japan on Saturday after collecting mud containing rare earth elements from the seabed near Minamitorishima. The February mission successfully retrieved samples from a depth of about 6,000 meters as part of a government project to secure critical minerals and reduce reliance on external suppliers.

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Germany's Federation of Industries (BDI) accuses the federal government of acting too slowly in securing critical raw materials such as lithium and copper. It lacks a clear strategy to reduce dependencies on countries like China. The association calls for more investments and faster measures.

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