Delhi-NCR is grappling with a double blow of pollution and fog. Air Quality Index has surpassed 350 in most areas, with ventilation index dropping to 800, posing severe health risks. Doctors have warned of rising respiratory illnesses.
Delhi's winter has begun with a severe pollution and fog crisis. According to Aaj Tak, Air Quality Index (AQI) has exceeded 350 in most areas, falling into the 'severe' category. The ventilation index has dropped to 800, severely limiting air circulation and intensifying pollution.
This situation poses significant health risks. The Hindu reports that Delhi's seasonal PM2.5 levels have reached 107-130 micrograms per cubic meter, far above the national standard of 60 micrograms and WHO guideline of 15 micrograms. Air pollution contributed to nearly two million deaths in India in 2023, mainly from cardiovascular disease, stroke, COPD, and diabetes. In Delhi, PM2.5 exposure reduces life expectancy by more than eight years.
Respiratory illnesses are the most affected. AIIMS data shows that a 10 microgram increase in PM2.5 leads to a 20-40% rise in pediatric emergency visits for respiratory distress. Children are experiencing a 10-15% reduction in lung capacity. Cardiovascular risks have also escalated, with an 8% increase in annual mortality for every 10 micrograms rise in long-term PM2.5 exposure.
Economic impacts are profound, with pollution disrupting business, particularly in transport and construction sectors. Supreme Court and GRAP measures are in place, but enforcement remains weak. Experts identify vehicular emissions, industrial processes, and waste burning as primary causes. Dr. Sudheer Kumar Shukla states that recognizing clean air as a fundamental right is essential.
Recommendations include electrifying transport, stricter industrial controls, and waste management reforms. The crisis affects northern India broadly, with low-income communities bearing the heaviest burden.
