Illustration of French government officials and union leaders divided over pension reform, with Macron and Lecornu on one side and protesters on the other in a Paris setting.
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Pension reform divides government and unions

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Despite Emmanuel Macron's denials of a suspension, the CFDT's general secretary insists the 2023 pension reform is indeed suspended. Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu plans to include it in the social security budget via a rectifying letter. A conference on work and pensions will open in late November to discuss alternative systems.

On October 14, during his general policy statement to the National Assembly, Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu announced he would propose 'suspending the 2023 pension reform until the presidential election.' On October 21, he specified that the Council of State had been seized with a rectifying letter to add this suspension to the 2026 social security financing bill (PLFSS), to be adopted in the Council of Ministers the following Thursday. This measure, avoiding a parliamentary amendment debate and resetting the 50-day examination period, aims to reassure oppositions like the PS and RN.

However, on the same day, Emmanuel Macron, in a press conference in Ljubljana, Slovenia, contested the term: 'It’s neither abrogation nor suspension, it’s a shift in timing,' he insisted, specifying a delay of the 63-year age from January 1, 2027, to January 1, 2028, financed by savings, 'for appeasement' sought by Lecornu. The president mentioned 'prospects for a referendum' possible on the basis of a future agreement.

Marylise Léon, CFDT general secretary, responded in Libération on October 22: 'The President can deny it, but as he himself says, facts are stubborn. The 2023 reform is indeed suspended, as the Prime Minister clearly stated again this Tuesday, October 21, in the Assembly.' She calls for a 'serious debate on the future of pensions,' including hardship and a 'customized' points system, requiring the abrogation of the Borne reform: 'yes, absolutely.' The CFDT is open to discussing capitalization without weakening redistribution.

Labor Minister Jean-Pierre Farandou announced on October 21 the opening in late November of a social conference with unions and employers, including workshops on private and public pensions, and on work. 'The time has come to open a calm, serene debate on the regimes,' he stated, mentioning alternatives like points or a share of capitalization.

Oppositions have criticized this semantic nuance. Marine Le Pen (RN) sees it as a 'false promise,' Boris Vallaud (PS) as a 'strong commitment' to be judged by actions, and Jean-Luc Mélenchon as 'propaganda' hiding a mere delay. This rectifying letter could postpone the PLFSS examination to Monday, according to Frédéric Valletoux, president of the social affairs commission.

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Protesters, including retirees, demonstrate against the French pension reform suspension's financing outside the National Assembly in Paris.
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Pension reform suspension criticized for its financing

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The French government has formalized the suspension of the pension reform until January 2028 through a rectificative letter to the social security budget, presented on October 23, 2025. This measure, costing 100 million euros in 2026 and 1.4 billion in 2027, will be funded by under-indexing pensions and increasing contributions from health insurers. Unions and opposition parties denounce an unfair burden on current retirees.

Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu announced on Tuesday the suspension of the 2023 pension reform until the 2027 presidential election, in exchange for the Socialist Party's commitment not to vote censure. This concession aims to stabilize the government amid political instability. The measure pauses the raising of the legal retirement age to 64 and the acceleration of the contribution period.

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Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu's government unveiled the 2026 budget project on October 14, including the suspension of the pension reform via an amendment to the PLFSS in November. This concession to the Socialist Party aims to stabilize the country but draws criticism from the right and opposition. The plan targets a 30 billion euro deficit reduction through tax freezes and cuts to fiscal niches.

French deputies resumed debates on the 2026 social security financing bill on December 2 in a tense atmosphere marked by divisions within the government coalition. The text, amended by the Senate which removed the suspension of pension reform, risks rejection without compromise with the left. A solemn vote is scheduled for December 9, with crucial stakes for the deficit and government stability.

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Sébastien Lecornu's new government, formed on October 12, faces immediate no-confidence motions from La France Insoumise and the National Rally. The Socialist Party, led by Olivier Faure, demands the suspension of the retirement reform or it will vote to censure. Lecornu is set to deliver his general policy statement to the National Assembly on October 14.

The French National Assembly adopted on Tuesday evening, by 247 votes to 234, the 2026 social security financing bill after tense debates and compromises with socialists. This vote marks a victory for Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu, who avoided using article 49.3 by securing cross-party support. The text includes the suspension of the 2023 pension reform and reduces the deficit to 19.6 billion euros.

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The French Senate adopted on Wednesday afternoon its heavily revised version of the 2026 social security financing bill (PLFSS), with 196 votes in favor and 119 against. The joint committee (CMP) of deputies and senators then failed to reach an agreement in the evening, sending the text back to the National Assembly for a new reading. This Senate version restores several government measures, such as the retirement reform, and brings the deficit to 17.6 billion euros.

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