Finance Minister Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa announced plans for export duties on coal and gold to offset large PPN restitutions and promote downstream processing. The policy was revealed during a working meeting with DPR Commission XI in Jakarta on December 8, 2025. Additionally, the government will revise natural resource export proceeds rules to require placement in state-owned banks for tighter supervision.
During a working meeting with DPR Commission XI in Jakarta on Monday (December 8, 2025), Finance Minister Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa explained that export duties on coal are necessary to offset value-added tax (PPN) restitutions reaching Rp25 trillion annually. The shift of coal from non-taxable goods (non-BKP) to taxable goods (BKP) after the 2020 Omnibus Law has caused large restitutions, seen as indirect subsidies to major businesses. "So this design just returns it to the original state (before the 2020 Omnibus Law when coal was still non-BKP), just covering the loss due to the status change," Purbaya said.
The policy aims not to reduce export competitiveness, as the coal industry remained competitive before 2020 without large restitutions. Export duties are planned for 2026 at 1-5 percent rates, despite declining coal reference prices (HBA). Additionally, the instrument will promote downstream processing and decarbonization, with mechanisms being finalized with relevant ministries.
For gold, export duties target increasing domestic value addition through downstreaming, with higher rates for upstream products. When gold mineral reference price (HMA) is US$2,800-3,200 per troy ounce, minted bars face 7.5 percent, ingots and cast bars 10 percent, dore and granules 12.5 percent. Above US$3,200, rates rise to 10 percent, 12.5 percent, and 15 percent. This aligns with agreements from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources.
Purbaya also revealed four methods of avoiding export duties: administrative errors, inter-island schemes disguising exports as domestic goods, concealment by mixing illegal with legal items, and direct smuggling without documents. The Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC) applies pre-clearance, clearance, and post-clearance supervision, including intelligence, X-ray scans, and cross-sector audits. Supervision results have risen: Rp191.5 billion (2023), Rp477.9 billion (2024), and Rp496.7 billion through November 2025.
Furthermore, the government is revising the Government Regulation on Natural Resource Export Proceeds (DHE SDA) to require exporters to place devisa in state-owned banks (Himbara). "The goal is to ensure DHE is truly effective, so the dollar supply here really increases," Purbaya stated. The revision closes leaks and eases Bank Indonesia supervision, with rupiah conversions limited for stability. The process is nearly final, replacing PP No. 8/2025 which only mentioned the 'Indonesian financial system'.