China's private sector urges debt settlement priority ahead of two sessions

Ahead of China's annual 'two sessions', private businesses are urging the government to prioritize settling outstanding debts amid cash flow challenges. The Beijing Dacheng Enterprise Research Institute has put forward 38 suggestions to protect rights and address operational issues, including overly rigid law enforcement, financing difficulties, and hidden market access barriers.

The Beijing Dacheng Enterprise Research Institute, an independent research firm, issued a report on February 25 with 38 suggestions addressing issues faced by private entrepreneurs. Private businesses are grappling with cash flow challenges, and entrepreneurs want the settling of outstanding debts to be made a priority.

The report suggests '[We suggest] establishing a closed-loop mechanism for debt collection and setting up a unified national platform for monitoring and expediting debt settlement.' It also calls on authorities to allocate dedicated funds from government bonds to inject liquidity into the debt chain, with clear rules governing the use of the funds. The report states: 'Upon receiving the starting funds, enterprises must prioritise settling outstanding debts with both upstream and downstream parties, thereby gradually clarifying creditor-debtor relationships through improved cash flow.'

These suggestions include enacting a Private Economy Promotion Law, overseen by the Supreme People's Court, to protect private sector rights. Keywords encompass Beijing, China, private economy, and related legal frameworks. Private entrepreneurs hope the government will respond to these concerns during the upcoming two sessions to ease operational pressures.

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Realistic illustration of China's 2026 Two Sessions press conference highlighting GDP growth targets and leaders including Premier Li Qiang and Xi Jinping.
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Economy press conference highlights from China's 2026 Two Sessions

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Following Premier Li Qiang's government work report setting a 2026 GDP growth target of 4.5-5%, Zheng Shanjie of the National Development and Reform Commission projected over 6 trillion yuan GDP growth this year at the NPC economy press conference. The service sector is expected to exceed 100 trillion yuan during the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030). Leaders including Xi Jinping emphasized high-quality development amid the sessions.

China's Supreme People's Court released guidelines on Friday to prioritize collaborative mediation over litigation in resolving social and commercial disputes. The initiative partners with 20 institutions to address conflicts in areas like real estate, labor, and intellectual property before they reach courts. It aims to enhance public welfare and social stability.

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At the opening of China's National People's Congress, Premier Li Qiang pledged to champion orderly multipolarism and inclusive globalisation. President Xi Jinping urged major provincial economies to lead in technological innovation and risk control. The government work report outlined priorities for the economy, innovation and military this year.

As China enters the first year of its 15th Five-Year Plan, policymakers are prioritizing underlying stability and balance over mere growth rates. Recent measures include targeted fiscal support and incentives for care services. This approach aims to foster sustainable development amid global uncertainties.

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The People’s Bank of China has named continued stability of capital markets a priority for 2026 amid a global sell-off driven by worries over the Iran war. The statement was published on Thursday as the Shanghai Composite Index dropped 1.39 per cent.

China’s top Communist Party journal, Qiushi, has reaffirmed the push to rebalance trade, stating that a worsening global environment of rising protectionism and geopolitical tensions adds urgency to shifting from an “unsustainable” export-driven growth model. The commentary notes profound changes in conditions shaping China’s trade balance, with deep-seated weaknesses in the foreign trade sector remaining pronounced.

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Building on priorities set at the December 2025 Central Economic Work Conference, the fourth session of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) opened in Beijing on March 4, 2026, with President Xi Jinping in attendance. The fourth session of the 14th National People's Congress (NPC) convenes March 5-12 to deliberate the government work report and draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030). Spokesperson Lou Qinjian highlighted plans to expand opening-up, boost consumption, and advance sci-tech self-reliance amid ongoing economic pressures.

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