The Indian government has set up a High-Level Committee on Demographic Change to examine illegal immigration and border management. The panel was constituted at the end of May 2026. Home Minister Amit Shah described unnatural demographic change as a major challenge.
The committee's terms of reference focus on illegal immigration and border issues. It is chaired by a retired Supreme Court judge and includes a retired IAS officer, a retired IPS officer, the Census Commissioner and an economist. No demographer is part of the group. Prime Minister Narendra Modi had called for such a panel in his August 15 2025 address from the Red Fort. Home Minister Amit Shah announced the formation on the social media platform X stating that illegal infiltration leading to unnatural demographic change poses a big challenge. The panel is tasked with recommending mechanisms for identification detention and deportation of illegal immigrants. Official statements have linked the effort to concerns over cross-border migration from Bangladesh.
