Geoengineering trials thicken Arctic sea ice with mixed results

Two companies have tested pumping seawater onto Arctic ice to increase its thickness and slow summer melting. Field trials in Canada and Norway produced thicker ice but showed varying effects on how long it lasted.

Researchers from the Dutch firm Arctic Reflections conducted a trial in April 2024 in a Svalbard lagoon. They pumped seawater onto the ice for about an hour, raising thickness from 90 centimetres to 1.16 metres. The thickened ice began to rot later than untreated ice but melted completely on the same day as a control site.

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A new study shows that channels beneath Antarctic ice shelves can trap warm ocean water and accelerate melting from below. Researchers focused on the Fimbulisen Ice Shelf in East Antarctica and found that this process may make even cold regions more vulnerable. The findings suggest current climate models could underestimate future sea level rise.

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The Arctic Ocean crossed a tipping point around 2009, according to a new study showing that sea ice loss has sharply reduced nitrate levels in the water.

New research shows the Aral Sea has emitted 748 million metric tons of carbon dioxide since 1960 as it dried into a salty plain the size of Ireland. The study, published in the journal Science, reveals the former lake has become a major source of greenhouse gases.

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