日本防卫大臣小泉进次郎周五表示，日本2026财年的国防开支及相关费用初次预算总额约为10.6万亿日元（约合665亿美元），约占其2022年国内生产总值的1.9%，若按2026财年预计国内生产总值计算则约为1.5%。日本计划到2027财年将国防开支提高到国内生产总值的2%。
日本政府在2022年底通过的三份关键安全文件中概述了计划在截至2027财年的五年内投入约43万亿日元用于国防。面对来自中国和朝鲜等国日益严峻的安全挑战，这标志着日本告别了长期以来将国防开支维持在国内生产总值1%左右的做法。
去年12月通过的一项包含1.7万亿日元安全与外交经费的额外预算，使日本在10月就任的首相高市早苗领导下，提前两年实现了2%的目标。以2022财年国内生产总值为基准计算，日本国防预算占比稳步上升，2023财年为1.4%，2024财年为1.6%，2025财年为1.8%。小泉表示，使用2022年的国内生产总值作为基准是合适的，因为这是当前安全文件的参考年份。
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The Japanese government approved an 8.56 trillion yen stopgap budget on March 27 to fund operations for the first 11 days of fiscal 2026 starting April 1, due to stalled upper house deliberations on the main 122.31 trillion yen budget passed by the lower house earlier this month. This is the first such provisional measure in 11 years, backed by ruling and main opposition parties, and expected to pass parliament on March 30.
China announced on Thursday a 7% increase in defense spending for 2026, the lowest rate in five years but still exceeding economic growth targets amid rising regional tensions. The move supports military modernization by 2035, with references to Taiwan. Premier Li Qiang highlighted improvements in combat readiness.
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Japan's House of Representatives passed the fiscal 2026 budget proposal on March 14, supported by the ruling Liberal Democratic Party and Japan Innovation Party's majority, sending it to the House of Councillors. The budget totals a record 122.3 trillion yen, drawing criticism from opposition parties over the short deliberation time. The ruling coalition aims for passage by the fiscal year-end despite uncertainties in the upper house.
Japan's Liberal Democratic Party and allies secured 352 seats in the February 9 House of Representatives election, surpassing the two-thirds majority and paving the way for Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's re-election. Japanese and Chinese experts warn that this could accelerate military expansion and constitutional revision, heightening Asia-Pacific tensions.
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The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has warned in a new analysis that high defence spending poses risks despite growth impulses. In Germany, Finance Minister Lars Klingbeil (SPD) plans about 83 billion euros for defence this year. Worldwide, roughly half of all countries have raised their military budgets over the past five years.
The Japanese government is set to express willingness to participate in the United States' next-generation missile defense system, known as the Golden Dome, with Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi likely conveying this stance to President Donald Trump at their summit next week. The system is slated to begin operations before January 2029, and Japan hopes it will also enhance its own defenses.