核电被视为智能技术能源需求的支柱

中国核电公司董事长陆哲峰在今年中国人民政治协商会议上提出,核电应稳步发展,以满足人工智能行业的能源需求,并加速现代能源体系建设。全球科技巨头正转向核能以应对人工智能计算的高能耗挑战。核电作为稳定、可靠的零碳基荷能源,可为人工智能数据中心提供不间断支持。

陆哲峰强调,核电与人工智能行业的协同是双赢局面。核电企业可获得稳定的市场,而数据中心则获得数字基础设施所需的高质量电力。根据国际能源署预测,2025年至2030年间,全球信息技术负载预计累计增加106吉瓦,这得益于生成式人工智能和大规模模型训练的快速发展。

随着计算能力成为数字经济的核心驱动力,维持这些大规模处理集群所需的电力急剧增加,可靠能源供应已成为行业持续增长的主要战略瓶颈。陆哲峰指出,与受天气影响波动的间歇性能源不同,核电站提供稳定的连续基荷电力,可防止关键计算过程的中断,确保中国数字演进的高速和碳中和。

这一关系是相互的。人工智能技术将为核电行业自身演进发挥变革作用。中国核电公司已建立多个专业数字平台,包括支持生产运营、安全管理和数据分析的大数据和人工智能系统。陆哲峰表示,随着人工智能整合的深化,将进一步提升核电站的智能运营水平,确保更高的效率和更严格的安全反馈循环。

近年来,中国逐步扩大核基础设施规模,并有望在2030年成为全球运营核电容量领导者。根据中国核能协会的预测,该国核电容量预计到2030年达到110吉瓦,到2035年达到150吉瓦。核电将作为高碳能源的关键替代品和新电力系统稳定的支柱发挥重要作用。

中国还在加速核电领域关键设备的本土化,确保关键组件技术的自主控制。随着核电项目的加速审批,中国对新建核电站的投资预计将进一步刺激相关产业链,据中信证券分析。

展望“十五五”规划(2026-2030年),陆哲峰勾勒了核能-可再生能源耦合的战略愿景。这与国家构建风能、太阳能、水能和核能协调发展的能源体系相一致。中国核电公司已在现有核站点附近的闲置土地和潮滩上利用可再生项目。例如,位于江苏省东部的2吉瓦田湾潮滩太阳能示范项目,是全国最大的海上太阳能农场。

陆哲峰总结道:“所有这些措施共同确保中国的能源地位保持坚不可摧。”核能与可再生能源的融合将为数字经济创造更稳定、更清洁的能源供应体系。随着中国承诺在2060年前实现碳中和,核电预计将在国家能源转型中发挥越来越重要的作用。

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