Rebooting stem cells builds bigger muscles in aged mice

Researchers have shown that rejuvenating muscle stem cells from old mice leads to larger muscle growth and improved recovery after injury. The approach could one day help older people regain strength and mobility. Experiments demonstrated clear benefits in leg function and tissue repair.

Scientists at Duke University extracted muscle stem cells from aged mice, supplemented them with specific lipids in the lab, and then injected the treated cells back into injured muscles of other old mice. The treated cells produced new muscle fibres 45 per cent larger than those from untreated cells, and the mice showed better performance on treadmill and mobility tests within days.

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Lab-grown spinal cord organoid model showing injury repair: inflammation and scarring on one side, reduced scars and nerve regrowth after experimental 'dancing molecules' therapy on the other.
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Lab-grown human spinal cord organoids show signs of repair after simulated injury, Northwestern study reports

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Northwestern University researchers say they developed an advanced lab-grown human spinal cord organoid model that reproduces key features of traumatic injury—such as inflammation and glial scarring—and that an experimental “dancing molecules” therapy reduced scar-like tissue and promoted nerve-fiber growth in the model.

Researchers at UCLA have identified a protein that slows muscle repair in aging but enhances cell survival in mice. Blocking the protein improved healing speed in older mice, though it reduced long-term stem cell resilience. The findings suggest aging involves survival strategies rather than mere decline.

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An experimental therapy using stem cells from young donors has shown promise in improving mobility for frail older people. In a trial involving 148 participants, infusions of laromestrocel led to significant gains in walking distance. Researchers highlight its potential to address biological roots of frailty.

A 20-year experiment cloning mice has revealed that clones develop significantly more genetic mutations than naturally reproduced mice, accumulating to fatal levels after multiple generations. Researchers led by Teruhiko Wakayama at Yamanashi University in Japan found over 70 mutations per clone generation on average, three times higher than in controls. The findings, published in Nature Communications, raise concerns for applications in farming, conservation and de-extinction efforts.

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A team led by Leonardo Ferreira at the Medical University of South Carolina is developing a novel therapy combining lab-made insulin-producing cells with engineered immune cells to protect them. Funded by $1 million from Breakthrough T1D, the approach aims to restore beta cell function without immunosuppressive drugs. This strategy builds on prior research and targets all stages of the disease.

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