Study finds alzheimer's risk factors hit women harder

New research from the University of California San Diego shows that several common dementia risk factors affect women's cognitive performance more strongly than men's. The findings help explain why women account for nearly two thirds of Alzheimer's cases in the United States.

Scientists analyzed data from more than 17,000 middle-aged and older adults in the Health and Retirement Study. They examined 13 established risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, depression, physical inactivity, and hearing loss. The results were published May 19 in the journal Biology of Sex Differences.

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Illustration depicting projected increases in cardiovascular risks like high blood pressure, obesity, and diabetes among diverse U.S. women by 2050.
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AHA scientific statement projects rising cardiovascular risk factors for U.S. women by 2050

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A new American Heart Association scientific statement published Feb. 25, 2026 in Circulation projects that cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure, obesity and diabetes will become more common among U.S. women by 2050, with particularly steep increases forecast for some younger women and for several racial and ethnic groups.

Women maintain normal scores on standard memory tests for nearly three years longer than men even after Alzheimer’s-related brain changes begin. This cognitive advantage can mask early signs of the disease and delay treatment. A new analysis of long-term studies in the US and Canada highlights the issue.

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People who reported more mentally stimulating experiences from childhood through older age were less likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease and tended to develop symptoms years later than peers with the lowest enrichment, according to an observational study published in Neurology.

A new study has found that adults with higher vitamin D levels in their 30s and 40s tend to have lower levels of tau protein in their brains about 16 years later. Tau is a key biomarker associated with dementia. The research, published this week, highlights a potential modifiable risk factor for brain health.

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