Genomics
Ancient DNA ties paratyphoid and relapsing fevers to Napoleon’s 1812 retreat
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Scientists analyzing DNA from 13 soldiers buried in a mass grave in Vilnius, Lithuania, uncovered genetic traces of paratyphoid fever and louse-borne relapsing fever—offering the first direct confirmation of these pathogens in Napoleon’s Grande Armée. The study, published October 24, 2025, in Current Biology, links centuries-old eyewitness reports to modern genomics. ([sciencedaily.com](https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/10/251026021727.htm))
Researchers have developed a genomic mapping technique that reveals how thousands of genes work together to influence disease risk, helping to bridge gaps left by traditional genetic studies. The approach, described in a Nature paper led by Gladstone Institutes and Stanford University scientists, combines large-scale cell experiments with population genetics data to highlight promising targets for future therapies and deepen understanding of conditions such as blood disorders and immune-mediated diseases.
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A new study reports that using tanning beds is associated with nearly triple the risk of melanoma and with pervasive DNA damage across the skin, including in areas that are usually protected from the sun. Researchers from Northwestern University and the University of California, San Francisco, examined medical records and carried out genomic analyses to reach these conclusions. The findings, published on December 12 in Science Advances, are prompting calls for stronger public health warnings against indoor tanning.