India's banking liquidity surplus narrows to ₹75,483 crore

India's banking system liquidity surplus has narrowed to ₹75,483 crore amid advance tax outflows of Rs 2 lakh crore and forex market interventions. Money market rates rose as a result, leading the Reserve Bank of India to conduct a repo operation. Economists estimate the RBI sold over $15 billion to support the rupee.

India's banking system experienced a reduction in liquidity surplus to ₹75,483 crore, primarily due to advance tax payments totaling Rs 2 lakh crore and interventions in the foreign exchange market. These factors contributed to an increase in money market rates, which prompted the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to undertake a repo operation to inject liquidity into the system. Economists have estimated that the RBI sold more than $15 billion in reserves to bolster the rupee amid these pressures. The combination of tax outflows and forex interventions has led to a temporary squeeze in banking liquidity, highlighting the RBI's active role in managing monetary conditions.

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Dramatic stock exchange scene showing Indian rupee hitting record low of 90 against US dollar amid trade uncertainty and outflows.
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Indian rupee breaches 90 against US dollar for first time

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On December 3, 2025, the Indian rupee fell below 90 against the US dollar for the first time, hitting a record low of 90.14-90.16. Uncertainty over the US-India trade deal and foreign investor outflows were key factors. This raises risks of higher inflation.

The Reserve Bank of India's Monetary Policy Committee decided to keep interest rates unchanged at 5.25% in its February meeting, citing improved growth prospects from the recent India-US trade deal. This pauses a series of rate cuts from 2025 amid benign inflation. The decision reflects optimism about GDP growth and external sector stability.

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Finance Minister Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa has placed an additional Rp 100 trillion in bank deposits to counter liquidity pressures from rising government bond yields. The total now stands at around Rp 300 trillion, up from Rp 200 trillion previously. The injection, timed ahead of Lebaran, prioritizes state-owned and regional banks.

The aggregate balance sheet of banks operating in Egypt's local market, excluding the central bank, climbed to EGP 24.752trn by end-August 2025, driven by household deposits. The Central Bank of Egypt reported a EGP 477bn increase from end-June 2025. This growth highlights the banking sector's resilience amid rising domestic liquidity.

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The Central Bank of Nigeria has raised N15.3 trillion through low-risk Nigerian treasury bills in 2025 to help bridge the country's budget deficit.

Nigeria's external reserves have risen 10.8% year-over-year to $45.28 billion. This growth reflects strengthening foreign exchange buffers.

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The Central Bank of Egypt reported that the net foreign assets of the banking sector rose to about $23.732 billion in November 2025, up from $22.656 billion in October. This marks a $1.1 billion increase, or 5% monthly growth. The upward trend in net foreign assets has continued for the sixth consecutive month.

 

 

 

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