国際研究チームは、長年続いたミュー粒子の磁気的性質に関する矛盾が、未知の物理法則ではなく、従来の計算上の限界に起因していたことを明らかにした。この研究成果は標準模型を支持するものであり、第5の自然界の力の存在を示唆する主要な根拠の一つを排除することになる。
ペンシルベニア州立大学の物理学者ゾルタン・フォドール氏率いる研究チームは、10年以上の歳月をかけてスーパーコンピュータ上で格子量子色力学を用い、ミュー粒子の異常磁気能率を再計算した。彼らが用いたハイブリッド手法は、短・中距離における理論シミュレーションと、長距離における実験データを組み合わせたもので、理論値と実験値の差を標準偏差の半分未満にまで抑え、一致させることに成功した。
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Scientists at the University of Konstanz have identified a new type of sliding friction that occurs without physical contact, driven by magnetic interactions. This phenomenon breaks Amontons' law, a 300-year-old physics principle, by showing friction peaks at certain distances rather than increasing steadily with load. The findings appear in Nature Materials.
An international team of researchers has detected signs of a rare η′-mesic nucleus, a fleeting particle trapped inside an atomic nucleus. This exotic state, observed in a high-precision experiment, suggests the η′ meson's mass decreases in dense nuclear matter. The finding could shed light on how matter acquires mass through the structure of space's vacuum.
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Physicists with the STAR collaboration have observed particles emerging directly from empty space during high-energy proton collisions at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The experiment provides strong evidence that mass can arise from vacuum fluctuations, as predicted by quantum chromodynamics. Quark-antiquark pairs promoted to real particles retained spin correlations tracing back to the vacuum.
Undergraduate students at the University of Hamburg have constructed a simple cavity detector to search for axions, hypothetical particles that may constitute dark matter. Despite limited resources, their experiment set new limits on axion properties, as detailed in a recent study. The project demonstrates that small-scale efforts can contribute to major physics challenges.
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Nuclear physicists at the University of Tennessee have made three key findings about the rapid neutron-capture process that forms heavy elements like gold in stellar events. Their research, conducted at CERN's ISOLDE facility, clarifies how unstable atomic nuclei decay. The results, published in Physical Review Letters, could refine models of element formation in the universe.
Astronomers have produced a detailed map of the Milky Way's magnetic field, revealing a surprising diagonal reversal in the Sagittarius Arm. The findings, based on new radio telescope data, help explain how this invisible force structures the galaxy. Led by scientists at the University of Calgary, the studies were published this month in The Astrophysical Journal.