Study finds no widespread brain inflammation in long COVID

Researchers in Finland have found no evidence of widespread brain inflammation among people with long COVID. The findings instead link more severe symptoms to increased activity in brain regions involved in emotion and memory.

A team at the University of Turku examined 14 people with long COVID using PET and MRI scans. They compared results with scans from 11 healthy volunteers and 13 patients with multiple sclerosis. No meaningful differences in brain inflammation markers appeared between the long COVID group and healthy controls. The long COVID patients also showed far less white matter inflammation than the multiple sclerosis group.

Makala yanayohusiana

Realistic depiction of a long COVID patient experiencing fatigue and breathing difficulties, overlaid with highlighted CD14+ monocytes (LC-Mo state) and inflammatory markers from recent immune study.
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Study links a distinct CD14+ monocyte state to fatigue and breathing symptoms in long COVID

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Researchers analyzing immune cells from people with long COVID have identified a distinct molecular state in CD14+ monocytes—labeled “LC-Mo”—that was more prevalent among patients whose initial COVID-19 illness was mild to moderate and that tracked with reported fatigue and respiratory symptoms, along with higher levels of inflammatory signaling molecules in blood plasma.

New research indicates that severe cases of COVID-19 or influenza can alter lung immune cells, potentially increasing cancer risk months or years afterward. The study, conducted by scientists at the University of Virginia, highlights the role of chronic inflammation in this process and emphasizes vaccination as a preventive measure. Findings suggest closer monitoring for affected patients to enable early detection.

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Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco have identified how aging lungs contribute to severe flu and COVID-19 outcomes in older adults. Their study shows that lung fibroblasts trigger excessive inflammation, forming damaging clusters of immune cells. The findings, published in Immunity on March 27, suggest potential new treatments.

Scientists at the University of Southern California have found experimental compounds that may reduce harmful brain inflammation associated with Alzheimer’s disease. The work focuses on the enzyme cPLA2 and people who carry the high-risk APOE4 gene.

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A study of 440 participants from the Women’s Interagency HIV Study found that accelerated epigenetic aging in monocytes—an immune cell type—tracked more closely with emotional and cognitive depression symptoms such as hopelessness and loss of pleasure than with physical symptoms like fatigue. The work, published in The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, adds evidence that cell-type-specific aging measures could contribute to future biological tools to complement symptom-based depression screening, though researchers say more validation is needed before clinical use.

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