高血糖增加龋齿风险,大阪研究发现

大阪大学研究人员发现,持续高血糖水平会提高龋齿风险,因为糖分从血液转移到唾液。在对约60名糖尿病和非糖尿病个体的调查中,较高的血糖与唾液中葡萄糖和果糖增加,以及龋齿和牙菌斑增加相关。

大阪大学的一个研究团队确定,糖尿病和其他因素引起的持续高血糖水平会提高龋齿风险,因为血液中的糖分转移到唾液中。该团队由坂中晶人讲师领导,对约60名糖尿病和非糖尿病个体进行了调查,以探讨血糖对口腔健康的影响。他们收集了腺唾液——从唾液腺新鲜分泌的唾液——来分析糖分和血液来源代谢物的转移。研究结果显示,血糖水平较高的个体从血液向唾液转移的葡萄糖和果糖更多,导致龋齿和牙菌斑增加。对牙菌斑的检查显示,引起龋齿的细菌增加,而支持口腔健康的细菌减少。口腔微生物群更倾向于分解糖分并产生酸,从而促进牙齿侵蚀。相反,当糖尿病患者住院并控制血糖时,唾液中的糖分水平下降,口腔细菌平衡改善,龋齿相关细菌减少,有益细菌增加。这种改善无需任何牙科治疗就发生了,表明有效的血糖管理直接改善了口腔健康。“我们发现血糖水平会影响龋齿,”坂中说。“我们希望调查通过唾液供应的糖分量以及对健康人群的影响。”该研究于去年晚些时候发表在国际期刊《Microbiome》上。

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