一项新研究指出，菲律宾Parker火山1640年的喷发可能对明朝的衰落起到了关键作用。
发表在《Climate of the Past》期刊4月号的一篇论文提出了这一观点。该研究由瑞士伯尔尼大学历史研究所的Richard Warren撰写。
论文指出，这次距北京约3850公里的火山喷发可能引发了气温和降水变化，导致干旱、洪水和作物歉收，从而加剧了社会动荡。
传统观点将明朝灭亡归因于宦官专权、官员派系斗争、农民起义以及满洲崛起。这项研究建议将自然灾害纳入讨论范围。
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World leaders and partner governments expressed solidarity with the Philippines and signaled readiness to extend aid after a magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck Mindanao on Monday.
Scientists analyzing sediments from a lake near the ancient Maya city of Itzan in Guatemala found no signs of drought during the period of population decline around 800-900 CE. The study suggests the collapse resulted from interconnected regional crises rather than local climate failure. Itzan maintained stable rainfall while neighboring areas suffered droughts.
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Researchers are debating whether droughts triggered unrest in late Roman Britain during the so-called Barbarian Conspiracy of 367 AD. A study using tree ring data linked severe summer droughts in 364-366 to poor harvests and rebellion, but historians say the historical sources have been misinterpreted. The dispute underscores challenges in combining climate data with historical records.
A massive body of magma surged upward beneath São Jorge Island in Portugal's Azores archipelago in March 2022, triggering thousands of earthquakes before stalling underground. The event, detailed in a new study, represented a failed eruption that raised but ultimately eased fears of volcanic activity.
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Genetic analysis of remains from a megalithic tomb near Bury, 50 kilometers north of Paris, reveals a complete population turnover around 3000 BC. The earlier group shared genetics with northern European farmers, while newcomers arrived from southern France and the Iberian Peninsula. Researchers link the shift to disease, environmental stress, and social changes.