购买股票时,钱都去哪儿了?

在菲律宾证券交易所购买股票通常意味着在二级交易中向另一位投资者付款,而不是直接向公司付款。公司只有在首次公开发行或后续发行时才会收到公众资金。交易会影响股票价格,但不会直接为公司账户提供资金。

Lance Spencer Yu 解释说,大多数股票市场交易都是二级交易。例如,购买阿亚拉公司(AC)的股票意味着卖方收到付款,而不是阿亚拉公司本身。卖方可能包括获利的散户投资者、重新平衡的基金、退出的外国投资者或需要现金支付学费或房屋首付款的雇员。菲律宾证券交易所(PSE)为买方和卖方牵线搭桥,股票可以互换。这使得阿亚拉公司每天都有数十亿比索的股票进行交易,尽管价格会受到影响,但没有新的资金进入公司。公司只有在公开发行新股(如首次公开募股)时才能直接获得资金。首次公开募股的目的包括为扩张、偿还债务、项目、收购筹集资金,或让早期投资者套现。例如Monde Nissin 2021 年首次公开募股筹集了 486 亿菲律宾比索;Maynilad 2025 年首次公开募股筹集了 340 亿菲律宾比索。许多首次公开募股混合了一级新股和二级现有股票,如 Converge 潜在的 400 亿菲律宾比索交易。后续发行也提供了资金,如生力公司(SMC)2025 年 10 月发行的 300 亿菲律宾比索用于再融资和基础设施建设。日常的二级交易通过支持强劲的股票价格和未来发行的流动性,使公司间接受益。

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