Saan napupunta ang pera kapag bumibili ng stock?

Kapag bumibili ng stock sa Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE), karaniwang binabayaran mo ang ibang investor sa secondary trade, hindi direktang ang kumpanya. Nakakatanggap lamang ang kumpanya ng pera mula sa publiko sa panahon ng IPO o follow-on offerings. Apektuhan ng mga trade ang presyo ng stock ngunit hindi direktang ang bank account ng kumpanya.

Ipinaliwanag ni Lance Spencer Yu sa kanyang artikulo na sa karamihan ng mga trade sa stock market, ito ay secondary transactions. Halimbawa, kung bibili ka ng shares ng Ayala Corporation (AC), hindi makakatanggap ang Ayala ng pera mo; ang nagbebenta ang makakakuha nito. Maaaring retail investor, fund, foreign investor, o empleyado ang nagbebenta dahil sa iba't ibang dahilan tulad ng pagkuha ng profit o pangangailangan ng cash para sa tuition o bahay. Ang PSE ang nagmama-match ng buyers at sellers, at ang mga shares ay fungible, ibig sabihin katumbas ang bawat isa. Dahil dito, maaaring mag-trade ng milyun-milyong piso na Ayala shares nang hindi nakakakuha ng bagong kapital ang kumpanya, bagaman naaapektuhan ang presyo nito. Nakakatanggap lamang ang kumpanya ng direktang pondo kapag nagbebenta ito ng bagong shares sa publiko, tulad ng sa initial public offering (IPO). Mga dahilan para sa IPO: pagpapalaki ng kapital para sa expansion, pagbabayad ng utang, bagong proyekto, o pagpapahintulot sa early investors na mag-cash out. Halimbawa, ang Monde Nissin IPO noong 2021 ay naghalal ng P48.6 bilyon, habang ang Maynilad IPO noong 2025 ay hanggang P34 bilyon. Maraming IPO ay halo ng primary (bagong shares) at secondary shares, tulad ng Converge na maaaring umabot sa P40 bilyon. Bukod sa IPO, may follow-on offerings tulad ng San Miguel Corporation (SMC) noong Oktubre 2025 na naghalal ng P30 bilyon para sa refinancing at infrastructure. Bagaman secondary ang araw-araw na trades, ito ay tumutulong nang hindi direktang sa kumpanya sa pamamagitan ng mas mabuting stock price at liquidity para sa hinaharap na pagbebenta ng shares.

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Split-scene illustration of BSE trading floor showing high-priced stocks' divergent FY26 performance: laggards crashing amid global tensions, gainers surging.
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High-priced BSE stocks diverge in FY26 performance

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Among 68 high-priced stocks trading above Rs 5,000 on the BSE, FY26 has brought more declines than gains amid global uncertainty and geopolitical tensions. The top six laggards fell 25-40%, while top gainers surged 40-130%. Institutional holdings vary across these stocks.

India's IPO boom is seeing new listings prioritise debt repayment over growth projects. Nearly a quarter of funds from recent share sales go to paying off borrowings, exceeding allocations for capital expenditure. This trend points to a focus on strengthening balance sheets and providing liquidity for insiders.

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Escalating tensions in West Asia and volatility in equity markets are prompting Indian companies to delay their initial public offerings. Firms are opting to wait for more stable conditions rather than proceed with potentially lower valuations. This cautious stance reflects concerns about subdued investor interest in the secondary market.

India's primary market is set for a subdued week, with only Leapfrog Engineering Services opening for subscription. Three companies—Mehul Telecom, Citius Transnet InvIT, and Property Share Investment Trust—are due to list following their recent offerings. Zero grey market premiums signal cautious investor sentiment and expectations of flat debuts.

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Top managers at German companies sold hardly any of their firm's shares in April, instead buying heavily in some. Professor Olaf Stotz from Frankfurt School observes a 'certain basic optimism' among executives and supervisory boards. This emerges from an analysis of insider deals for Handelsblatt.

Indian stock markets staged a significant rebound on Wednesday, fueled by hopes for peace in West Asia and falling oil prices. The NSE Nifty and BSE Sensex climbed substantially during the day, though some gains moderated by the close. Sectoral indices ended higher across the board amid cautious investor sentiment.

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Indian stock markets have staged a cautious rebound following a sharp sell-off in March. The rally, driven by short covering and domestic institutional buying, faces skepticism amid ongoing foreign investor sales. Traders are waiting for clarity on the West Asia conflict before further commitments.

 

 

 

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