A traditional Brazilian plant known as Joseph's Coat has demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects in laboratory studies, potentially offering a new natural treatment for arthritis. Researchers from three Brazilian universities confirmed the plant's ability to reduce swelling and protect joint tissue while showing a safe profile at tested doses. However, further clinical trials are needed before human use.
Scientists in Brazil have validated the long-standing folk use of Joseph's Coat (Alternanthera littoralis), a coastal plant, for treating inflammation and related conditions. The study, involving researchers from the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), and São Paulo State University (UNESP), was published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology.
The investigation began with a chemical analysis of the ethanolic extract from the plant's aerial parts, led by pharmacist Marcos Salvador at UNICAMP's Institute of Biology. This identified bioactive compounds responsible for potential medicinal properties. Pharmacologist Cândida Kassuya from UFGD's Faculty of Health Sciences then tested the extract in experimental arthritis models, observing reduced edema and improved joint function. Toxicological assessments, coordinated by Arielle Cristina Arena from UNESP's Institute of Biosciences in Botucatu, confirmed safety at therapeutic doses.
"In the experimental models, we observed reduced edema, improved joint parameters, and modulation of inflammatory mediators, suggesting antioxidant and tissue-protective actions," Arena explained. The results indicate the extract not only alleviates swelling but also safeguards joint tissue from damage in inflammatory diseases like arthritis.
While promising, the team stresses that the plant is not yet suitable for clinical application. Additional human trials, standardized preparation, and regulatory approvals are essential. This work, funded by FAPESP through projects including 06/06079-4 and 21/09693-5, aims to scientifically support Brazil's biodiversity and traditional knowledge for safe natural product use.
The full study, titled "Ethanolic extract of Alternanthera littoralis P. Beauv. aerial parts: Safety assessment and efficacy in experimental models of articular," appears in the 2026 issue (volume 355, article 120720).
