The Day of the Dead offering is a profound ritual in Mexico, recognized by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. It is set up to welcome the souls of the deceased, guiding them with symbolic elements. Tradition dictates assembling it between October 27 and 31, depending on the type of soul expected.
Day of the Dead blends prehispanic traditions with Catholic faith, creating an altar that serves as a banquet and refuge for souls returning from the Mictlán underworld. The offering is assembled in homes or cemeteries to honor deceased loved ones, easing their thirst and fatigue after the journey.
Essential elements include the marigold flower, whose yellow color and intense aroma guide souls from the door to the altar. Candles symbolize light and hope, with four arranged in a cross for the cardinal points. Copal purifies the space, warding off evil spirits, while water and salt quench thirst and prevent spiritual body corruption. Pan de muerto evokes fraternity, and favorite dishes and drinks of the deceased are placed for them to 'savor' through aroma. Other items are sugar skulls representing ever-present death, cut paper for air and joy, and a central photograph of the honoree.
Assembly begins between October 27 and 31, extending into November. On October 27, deceased pets are received; October 28, those who died tragically or violently; October 30, lonely souls without family; October 31, unbaptized children; November 1, children's souls or 'little angels'; and November 2, adults' souls. Traditionally, the offering is dismantled on November 3, after souls depart, and food can be eaten if still fresh.
In 2025, the SEP school calendar adds a three-day megabridge from October 31 to November 2, suspending classes on Friday for the School Technical Council meeting, facilitating family celebrations.