Kvanttimekaniikka
Fysiikan Nobel-palkinto 2025 kvanttifysikoille
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John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret ja John M. Martinis saavat vuoden 2025 fysiikan Nobel-palkinnon kokeista, jotka osoittavat kvantti-tunneloinnin makroskooppisissa piireissä. Heidän 1980-luvun puolivälin työnsä loi perustan suprajohdete kvanttitietokoneille. Palkinnon saajat ilmaisivat suuren yllätyksensä palkinnosta.
Physicists have created a simple model of the universe using ultracold atoms to explore whether time arises from quantum effects rather than existing independently. The work, led by researchers at the University of Birmingham, offers new experimental support for ideas that have circulated for decades.
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Physicists have shown that the key signatures of string theory can arise naturally from a handful of simple rules about particle behavior at extreme energies. Researchers from Caltech, New York University, and a Barcelona institute reached this result using a bootstrap approach that starts with minimal assumptions rather than presupposing strings. The work has been accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters.
Researchers have used a quantum computer to perform a key test suggesting that quantum mechanics accurately describes reality at small scales. The experiment confirms the 'ontic' view, where the wave function represents true quantum states. However, noise limits insights at larger scales.
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Scientists from Spain and Italy have proposed a model that replaces cosmic inflation with gravitational waves as the key force in the universe's early formation. Published in Physical Review Research, the study suggests gravity and quantum mechanics alone can explain the cosmos's structure. This approach draws on a century-old concept linked to Albert Einstein's work.