Quantum Mechanics
Nobel prize in physics 2025 awarded to quantum physicists
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John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret, and John M. Martinis receive the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics for experiments demonstrating quantum tunneling in macroscopic circuits. Their mid-1980s work laid the foundation for superconducting quantum computers. The laureates expressed great surprise at the award.
Irish mathematician William Rowan Hamilton developed a framework in the 1820s and 1830s that linked the paths of light rays and moving particles, an idea that later proved crucial to quantum mechanics. Born 220 years ago, Hamilton's work, including carving a formula on Dublin's Broome Bridge in 1843, built on earlier physics but revealed deeper connections only understood a century later. This insight helped shape modern theories of wave-particle duality.
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Researchers at EPFL have developed a method to measure the duration of ultrafast quantum events without using an external clock. By analyzing electron spin changes during photoemission, they found that transition times vary significantly based on a material's atomic structure. Simpler structures lead to longer delays, ranging from 26 to over 200 attoseconds.