Kvantemekanikk
Nobelprisen i fysikk 2025 tildelt kvantefysikere
Rapportert av AI Bilde generert av AI
John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret og John M. Martinis mottar Nobelprisen i fysikk 2025 for eksperimenter som demonstrerer kvantetunneling i makroskopiske kretser. Deres arbeid fra midten av 1980-tallet la grunnlaget for supraledende kvantedatamaskiner. Prisvinnerne uttrykte stor overraskelse over prisen.
Irish mathematician William Rowan Hamilton developed a framework in the 1820s and 1830s that linked the paths of light rays and moving particles, an idea that later proved crucial to quantum mechanics. Born 220 years ago, Hamilton's work, including carving a formula on Dublin's Broome Bridge in 1843, built on earlier physics but revealed deeper connections only understood a century later. This insight helped shape modern theories of wave-particle duality.
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Researchers at EPFL have developed a method to measure the duration of ultrafast quantum events without using an external clock. By analyzing electron spin changes during photoemission, they found that transition times vary significantly based on a material's atomic structure. Simpler structures lead to longer delays, ranging from 26 to over 200 attoseconds.