EU trade chief warns China is rewriting global trade rules

European Union trade commissioner Maros Sefcovic has criticized the bloc's slow trade defenses against China's export surge. Speaking in the European Parliament, he called for faster investigations and reforms to the World Trade Organization. The EU faces a €360 billion trade deficit with China.

The European Union’s trade chief Maros Sefcovic has railed against the bloc’s glacial trade defences, warning that years-long probes and rigid rules will not protect the bloc from China’s increasingly fierce export machine.

Speaking in the European Parliament on Tuesday, Sefcovic lashed out at Beijing’s “unsustainable” trade surplus and called for an urgent overhaul of world trading rules to account for “overcapacities”, “unfair trade policies” and “state subsidies”.

He confirmed, meanwhile, that the commission was “monitoring very closely the increase of plug-in hybrid Chinese vehicles” to the EU.

“Last year the deficit with China was €360 billion [US$424 billion] … clearly this is not sustainable in the medium to long-term,” the commissioner said, pointing to an International Monetary Fund study which showed that 4 per cent of Chinese gross domestic product is used for “different kinds of state subsidies”.

“We have well over 200 cases where we are using trade defence investigations. But here I also would like to say that in the framework for our economic security discussions ... we have to look at how we can speed up the process,” Sefcovic added.

An average trade probe can take “more than a year” and often relies on an official complaint from a company. The process “takes a lot of time and often misses the opportunity to act when it’s really needed”, the Slovak official said.

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Symbolic news image of U.S. trade investigations into 16 economies, featuring Capitol, national flags, factories, and workers.
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U.S. Launches Section 301 Investigations into 16 Economies for Unfair Trade Practices Linked to Excess Capacity

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The Trump administration has initiated Section 301 investigations into South Korea, China, Japan, the European Union, and 13 other economies over unfair practices tied to structural excess capacity in manufacturing. The probes follow a Supreme Court ruling invalidating prior tariffs and aim to establish permanent measures to protect U.S. jobs. South Korea vows active consultations to safeguard its interests.

China's Ministry of Commerce announced two trade barrier investigations into US practices on Friday, described as reciprocal countermeasures to Washington's two Section 301 probes against China. The probes target US measures disrupting global supply chains and green product trade, potentially breaching WTO rules and bilateral agreements. They are set to conclude within six months, with a possible three-month extension.

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China has urged the European Union to honor its market openness commitments and uphold fair competition principles, particularly in light of an EU probe into Chinese wind turbine giant Goldwind. Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian stated that such measures signal protectionism, damage the EU's image, and undermine Chinese firms' confidence in investing in Europe.

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Trade wars and geopolitical tensions are shaping the EU-India summit in New Delhi. A planned mega-agreement aims to bundle economic strength and bring the world's two largest democracies closer together. A study forecasts significant GDP boosts for both sides.

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